Forearm Crutches Vs Armpit Crutches

Forearm Crutches vs. Armpit Crutches: A Comprehensive Guide to Choosing the Right Crutches for You

Choosing the right crutches can significantly impact your comfort, mobility, and recovery process. The two most common types are forearm crutches (also known as forearm crutches, loftstrand crutches, or Canadian crutches) and armpit crutches (also known as underarm crutches). Understanding the key differences between these two types is crucial to selecting the best option for your individual needs and circumstances. This comprehensive guide will delve into the pros and cons of each, helping you make an informed decision.

Introduction: Understanding the Differences

The fundamental difference between forearm and armpit crutches lies in how they distribute weight and support the user. Armpit crutches rely on the armpits for support, while forearm crutches use the forearms. This seemingly small difference leads to significant variations in comfort, stability, and potential risks. Choosing incorrectly can lead to discomfort, pain, and even injury.

Armpit Crutches: The Traditional Approach

Armpit crutches have been the traditional choice for decades. They consist of two long poles with handgrips and underarm supports. The user places the grips in their hands and rests their weight partially on their armpits.

Advantages of Armpit Crutches:

• Simplicity and Cost: Armpit crutches are generally simpler in design and less expensive than forearm crutches. They are widely available at pharmacies and medical supply stores.
• Familiar Design: Their familiar design makes them easily recognizable and understood by healthcare professionals.

Disadvantages of Armpit Crutches:

• Risk of Nerve Damage: This is the most significant drawback. Placing weight on the armpits can compress the nerves and blood vessels in the armpit, leading to crutch palsy (radial nerve palsy). This can cause numbness, tingling, and weakness in the arm and hand.
• Poor Weight Distribution: The weight is not evenly distributed, placing undue stress on the wrists, hands, shoulders, and armpits. This can lead to pain and fatigue.
• Limited Mobility: Armpit crutches generally offer less mobility and maneuverability compared to forearm crutches.
• Requires Upper Body Strength: Using armpit crutches effectively requires considerable upper body strength and endurance.

Forearm Crutches: A More Modern Approach

Forearm crutches, or loftstrand crutches, provide support through the forearms, eliminating the risk of armpit pressure and nerve damage. They feature a cuff that fits around the forearm, allowing the user to distribute weight more evenly.

Advantages of Forearm Crutches:

• Reduced Risk of Nerve Damage: The most significant advantage is the elimination of direct pressure on the armpits, greatly reducing the risk of crutch palsy.
• Improved Weight Distribution: Weight is distributed across the forearms, wrists, and hands, reducing stress on individual areas.
• Enhanced Mobility and Maneuverability: Forearm crutches allow for better control and more fluid movement, making them easier to navigate stairs and uneven terrain.
• Less Upper Body Strain: The weight distribution leads to less strain on the shoulders, back, and wrists.
• Better Posture: They often promote better posture than armpit crutches.

Disadvantages of Forearm Crutches:

• Higher Cost: Forearm crutches are generally more expensive than armpit crutches.
• Requires Proper Fitting: Improperly fitted forearm crutches can be uncomfortable and ineffective. A proper fitting is crucial for optimal support and comfort.
• Steeper Learning Curve: Some users find them slightly more challenging to master initially compared to armpit crutches.
• Less Widely Available: They may not be as readily available as armpit crutches in some areas.

Step-by-Step Guide to Using Crutches (Both Types)

Regardless of the type of crutches you choose, proper technique is crucial for safety and comfort. Here's a general guide:

1. Proper Crutch Height: Whether using forearm or armpit crutches, the correct height is essential. For armpit crutches, the handgrips should be at the level of your hips when you're standing upright. For forearm crutches, the top of the cuff should be just below your elbow.

2. Body Posture: Maintain an upright posture, avoid leaning heavily on the crutches, and keep your elbows slightly bent.

3. Walking Technique: When moving, advance both crutches together, then take a step forward with your weaker leg, followed by your stronger leg.

4. Stair Navigation: For armpit crutches, place the crutches on the stair, followed by the stronger leg and then the weaker leg. For forearm crutches, the technique is similar, but the forearm rests offer better stability.

5. Sitting and Standing: When sitting, place the crutches next to you. When standing, push up with your stronger leg and use the crutches for added support.

Scientific Explanation: Biomechanics and Weight Distribution

The difference in biomechanics between the two types of crutches significantly impacts their effectiveness and potential risks.

• Armpit Crutches: These rely heavily on the armpits for weight bearing, which concentrates pressure on a small area. This increased pressure can lead to nerve compression and compromised circulation in the brachial plexus.

• Forearm Crutches: These distribute the weight across the forearms, hands, and wrists. This broader weight distribution reduces the stress on any one area, minimizing the risk of nerve damage and promoting better posture.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q: Which type of crutches is better for long-term use?

A: Forearm crutches are generally preferred for long-term use due to their reduced risk of nerve damage and better weight distribution.

Q: Can I use forearm crutches if I have limited upper body strength?

A: It's possible, but proper fitting and physical therapy may be needed to ensure optimal comfort and safety.

Q: How do I choose the right size crutches?

A: Consult a healthcare professional or a medical supply store for proper sizing and fitting.

Q: Are there any specific exercises I should do to build strength for using crutches?

A: Yes, your physical therapist can guide you on exercises to strengthen your upper body and improve your balance.

Q: What should I do if I experience pain while using crutches?

A: Stop using the crutches, and consult a healthcare professional. You may need to adjust your crutches, change your walking technique, or consider alternative mobility aids.

Conclusion: Making the Right Choice

Selecting the right type of crutches is a personal decision based on individual needs and circumstances. While armpit crutches offer a simple and affordable solution, the potential for nerve damage makes them less desirable for long-term use. Forearm crutches, despite a slightly higher cost, offer significantly improved weight distribution, reduced risk of nerve damage, and enhanced mobility. If you anticipate using crutches for an extended period, consult with a physical therapist or healthcare professional to determine the best option for your specific needs. Prioritizing comfort, safety, and proper technique is crucial for a successful and injury-free recovery. Remember to seek professional guidance for proper fitting and to address any concerns or pain experienced during crutch use.