Forearm Crutches Vs Axillary Crutches

Forearm Crutches vs. Axillary Crutches: Choosing the Right Support for Your Needs

Choosing the right crutches can significantly impact your comfort, mobility, and recovery process. Two common types are forearm crutches (also known as lofstrand or Canadian crutches) and axillary crutches. While both provide support, they differ significantly in design, usage, and suitability for various individuals. This comprehensive guide will delve into the key differences between forearm and axillary crutches, helping you make an informed decision based on your specific needs and circumstances.

Understanding the Differences: Forearm vs. Axillary Crutches

The primary distinction lies in how each crutch supports the user's weight. Axillary crutches rest under the armpits, transferring weight through the shoulders and arms. Forearm crutches, on the other hand, have hand grips and forearm cuffs that distribute weight across the forearms and hands. This fundamental difference leads to various implications in terms of comfort, stability, and potential risks.

Axillary Crutches: The Traditional Approach

Axillary crutches are the more traditional type, often recognizable by their simple design. They consist of two long shafts with hand grips at the top and a padded axillary support at the bottom. The user positions the crutches under their armpits and propels themselves forward using their hands and arms.

Advantages of Axillary Crutches:

• Simplicity and Cost-Effectiveness: Axillary crutches are generally less expensive and simpler in design than forearm crutches.
• Widely Available: They are readily available in most medical supply stores and pharmacies.

Disadvantages of Axillary Crutches:

• Potential for Nerve Damage: The most significant drawback is the risk of damaging the brachial plexus nerves (a network of nerves in the shoulder and armpit) if too much weight is placed on the axillary pads. This can lead to pain, numbness, or tingling in the arms and hands.
• Poor Posture and Shoulder Strain: Improper use can cause poor posture, leading to shoulder, neck, and back pain. Consistent reliance on the armpits can also place significant strain on the shoulder muscles.
• Limited Mobility: Axillary crutches can be cumbersome and make navigating tight spaces more challenging.
• Difficult for Some Users: Individuals with limited upper body strength or certain medical conditions might find axillary crutches difficult or impossible to use.

Forearm Crutches: A More Ergonomic Option

Forearm crutches, also known as lofstrand crutches or Canadian crutches, offer a more ergonomic and supportive alternative. They feature hand grips and adjustable forearm cuffs that provide stability and distribute weight more evenly. The user's forearms rest comfortably within the cuffs, reducing strain on the shoulders and armpits.

Advantages of Forearm Crutches:

• Reduced Risk of Nerve Damage: By eliminating weight-bearing on the armpits, forearm crutches drastically reduce the risk of brachial plexus injury.
• Improved Posture and Comfort: They encourage better posture and distribute weight more evenly, leading to greater comfort and reduced strain on the upper body.
• Greater Mobility and Maneuverability: Forearm crutches generally allow for easier movement and greater maneuverability, particularly in tight spaces.
• Better for Long-Term Use: Their design makes them more suitable for long-term use compared to axillary crutches.

Disadvantages of Forearm Crutches:

• Higher Cost: Forearm crutches are typically more expensive than axillary crutches.
• Requires Upper Body Strength: Effective use requires sufficient upper body strength and coordination.
• Steeper Learning Curve: Some users might find them initially more challenging to master than axillary crutches.
• Not Suitable for All Conditions: Individuals with certain hand or wrist conditions might find them uncomfortable or difficult to use.

Choosing the Right Crutches: Factors to Consider

Selecting the appropriate type of crutches depends on several crucial factors:

• Underlying Medical Condition: The reason for requiring crutches will influence the best choice. For temporary use following a minor injury, axillary crutches might suffice. However, for long-term use or conditions requiring more support, forearm crutches are generally preferred.
• Upper Body Strength and Coordination: Individuals with weaker upper body strength or limited coordination may find forearm crutches challenging. Axillary crutches might be a more suitable option, but with careful attention to proper usage to avoid nerve damage.
• Duration of Use: For short-term use, the cost difference between the two types might be less of a concern. For extended use, the enhanced comfort and reduced risk of injury offered by forearm crutches often justify the higher cost.
• Individual Preferences and Comfort: Ultimately, the most comfortable and effective crutches are those that the user finds easiest and safest to use. A consultation with a physical therapist or medical professional can help determine the most suitable option.

Proper Crutch Usage: Essential Tips for Both Types

Regardless of the type of crutches you choose, proper usage is vital to prevent injuries and maximize mobility.

General Crutch Usage Tips:

• Proper Fitting: Ensure your crutches are properly adjusted to your height. Your elbows should be slightly bent when using the crutches.
• Maintain Good Posture: Stand tall and avoid leaning heavily on the crutches.
• Use Your Legs: Crutches are for support, not for bearing all your weight. Engage your leg muscles to help propel yourself forward.
• Step Pattern: Follow a three-point gait (two crutches, then one leg), or a four-point gait (each crutch individually, then each leg) depending on your strength and mobility.
• Safe Surfaces: Avoid uneven or slippery surfaces whenever possible.
• Seek Professional Guidance: Consult with a physical or occupational therapist to learn proper crutch techniques.

Specific Tips for Axillary Crutches:

• Avoid Pressure on Armpits: Only use your arms and hands for support; your armpits should not bear weight.
• Proper Padding: Ensure the axillary pads are properly placed and offer adequate cushioning.

Specific Tips for Forearm Crutches:

• Proper Cuff Adjustment: The forearm cuffs should fit snugly but not too tightly. They should be comfortable to wear and allow for full range of motion in your forearms.
• Grip Position: The hand grips should be at a comfortable height to allow for a relaxed grip and prevent strain.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Q: Can I use forearm crutches if I have wrist pain?

A: If you have existing wrist pain, forearm crutches might exacerbate the issue. It's crucial to consult with a doctor or physical therapist to determine the most suitable crutch type.

Q: Are forearm crutches better for long-term use?

A: Generally yes. Forearm crutches are designed to reduce stress on the shoulders and armpits, making them more suitable for long-term use compared to axillary crutches.

Q: How much do forearm crutches cost compared to axillary crutches?

A: Forearm crutches are typically more expensive than axillary crutches due to their more complex design and materials.

Q: Can I adjust the height of both types of crutches?

A: Yes, both axillary and forearm crutches are usually adjustable in height.

Q: Which type of crutch is better for navigating stairs?

A: Neither type is ideal for stair navigation without additional assistance. Using crutches on stairs significantly increases the risk of falls. It's best to seek assistance or use an alternative mobility aid like a stairlift when using stairs.

Conclusion: Making the Right Choice for Your Recovery

Choosing between forearm and axillary crutches is a crucial decision that directly impacts your comfort, recovery, and overall well-being. While axillary crutches offer a simple and affordable option for short-term use, forearm crutches provide superior ergonomic support, reducing the risk of injury and promoting better posture. The best choice depends on your individual needs, medical condition, and upper body strength. Always consult with a medical professional or physical therapist to determine the most appropriate crutch type and receive personalized guidance on proper usage. Remember, proper crutch use is paramount to ensuring a safe and effective recovery. Prioritize comfort, safety, and your overall wellbeing during your recovery journey.